From the past to the present, the seas have come to the fore as a gateway to the outside world for civilisations and as an area of interaction and struggle with other civilisations. This role of the oceans in the history of civilisation continues to grow in importance today, in line with the military, economic and political interests of states. The dramatic increase in the world’s population in the last century has fuelled the struggle of states for dominance over the seas as a result of the new ...